Valley International are open access journals Publisher covering a wide range of academic areas. VIJ serves the world’s research and intellectual community and aims to achieve highest standards in the research realm. VIJ are not only journals but a platform for recognition of scholarly works of researchers and dissemination of their ideas worldwide. It is the vision of VIJ to support the Open Access initiative. All journals are published without restriction to the global community. We strongly believe that the open access model will spur researches across the world especially in developing nations as researchers gain unrestricted access to high quality research articles.