PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANE FOAM

INTRODUCTION
Polyurethane , commonly abbreviated as PU but abbreviated by IUPAC as PUR is actually another name for the chemical family known as urethane polymers, which comprised of a chain of organic units joined by carbonate (urethane) units. Polyurethane polymers are formed through step-growth polymerization by reacting a monomer containing a least two isocyanate functional groups with another monomer contained at least two hydroxyl (alcohol) groups in the presence of a catalyst and other additivies.

The german scientist Otto Bayer and his co-worker, in 1937, pioneered the production of polyurethane at the laboratory of IG fabers in Leverkusen, German in quest for substitutes for natural rubber. The first polyurethane elastomers, however, were produced in 1940 and the first comment on flexible polyurethane foam began in the United State in 1954, based on toluene di-isocynate (TDI) and polyester polyols. This lead to the production of rigid foam, gum rubber ad elastomers.

However, the production of a good polyurethane foam requires strict compliance with the specific level of the ration of isocynate to the polyol level, calysts, cream time as well as temperature profiles, Diakoumakos, C. D.; Kotzev, D. L. (2004).

1.1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of study is to polymerize polyol (base polymer), polyurethane foam, coils (spring) with other necessary additive to produce foam.

1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim at the producing polyethylene foam that could be used or applied in various field to satisfy human wants in a particular country.
It is a medium-layer scale industries would be established to best foam production.