PRODUCTION OF LIQUID SOAP CAR WASH [PDF]
in CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS, Projects on August 8, 2020CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Liquid soap is one of those things that we tend to take for granted. Although soap
has a very lengthy history. Liquid soap did not come on to the soap scene until the 1800’s. In 1865 William shepherd patented liquid soap.
In 18095 B. J. Johnson soap company introduce palm olive, in 1900 other companies began to develop their own liquid soap. Liquid soap can be regarded as any cleaning agent made from a mixture of mostly sodium potassium salt of various fatty acid of natural oils and fats.
In addition to basic raw materials, other substance of medicinal importance are added as ingredient to produce medicated soaps.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
A soap is a material which when dissolved in water, aids the removal of dirt or foreign mater from a surface. Soap is an alkali metal of a long chain fatty acid and is manufactured using vegetable, and animal fats and caustic soda.
Soap in chemical is a salt containing fatty acid. Soap can be in liquid form or solid form. Liquid soap facilitate cleansing properties of water. Water which is a universal solvent is used in washing, but using water alone cannot remove the dirt caused by fats and carboxyl. Hence when soap mixes with water, the reaction helps in the removal of dirt. Through ages soap has been used to cleanse, to care skin scores, to dye hair and has a salve or skin ointment.
The alkaline solution is often called lye which brings about a chemical reaction known as saponification.
Bellow is the structure of soap
